Oil filter



Aug. 16, 1932. 1 BLACKMORE OIL FILTER Filed April 25, 1928 Patented Aug.16, 1932 .UNITED STATES PATENT' Ormea LLOYD BLAGRMORE, or DETROIT,MICHIGAN, AssIGNOR 'ro GNRAL MOTORS oonlrORA'rION, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN,A CORPORATION OR DELAWARE OIL FILTER Application led April 2.8; 1928.Serial No. 272,200.

Thisinvention relatesto filters and has particular reference to a filterfor removing impurities from oil'in the lubricating system applied toengines of automotive vehicles.

In prior filters it has been customary to forcethe oil through a fabric,the impurities being caught in the meshes. f The fabric has' been eitherin the form of a spiral having a plurality of channels or the clothbeing mounted on parallel series of screens or perforated plates and theoil forced transversely through the fabric.

The present invention ditfer'sfrom prior constructions in that it forcesthe oil to ass under pressure along the length of the fa ric which isresiliently held against a container. By forcing the oil along thefabric a purify ing or scrubbing action takes place in which theimpurities are caught in the nap of the cloth. The oil passes overand/or across or 'along the length of the fabric and out at the fabricand container from the inlet or one end of the fabric to the outlet orthe other end.

use a foraminous member in the form of a;

wire gauze having the wires which run parallel to the path of the oil,of a gage which is somewhat heavier than the -gage of the wires whichrun at an angle'to the Apath of travel of the lubricant. The function ofthis; difference in the gage of the wires is' ito give a greater degreeof stiffness tothe support so that it will take a greater amount -ofpressure in the lubricating system to cause it to give.

One end ofthe support vis preferably attached to the end .of a platewhich is rigidly secured to thecontainer inside thereof. This plate isapplied at the inlet and is spaced from the container to allow foranopen portion or recess which will readily admit of the liquid to befiltered. The oppositeend of the supporting screenis free, and overlapsand is adapted to slide on the plate. As the oil,

mitted to go therethrough. If the oil shouldn seep through the cloth noharm will be done, but in practice it is the obj ect of the invention toforcethe oil along the length of the cloth so that' the impuritiestherein will be taken up by the meshes and interstices lof the fabric.

The support for the fabric has a certain degree of resiliencysuiicientto normally press the fabric rather tightly ,against the container. Thistight contact is maintained through the entire periphery with theexception-of a small space between the fabric and the container at theadmission end. This small space is for the .purpose of allowing an easystart for the lubricant along its travelY between the fabric and-.thecontainer. The' ends of the'supportextend short of the ends of thecontainer and have the fabric overlapping and extending slightlyinwardly of the support. At both ends, a split resilient spring wire isapplied to hold the fabric in place. At the oil deliveryend the fabricis preferably attached in anysuitable way of supporting the screen.

The Outlet to the filter preferably comprises a length of tubing whichextends to substantially the filters mid portion, and

leaves. the filter at the center of the cOntain-' ers end. Thisarrangement ofthe outlet is made in order that the Ibottom of the filtermay serve as a settling chamber. Should any im-i purities get around thefilter ends, or at the cloth end,or through the fabric, it will arriveat the center lportion -of the filter and ten to settle *at the bottom.

Asan optional construction instead of providing theplate at the inlet,it is within the sol scope of the invention to eliminate the plateentirely and extend the supporting screen and fabric to the point ofattachment of the plate of one end of the filter showing the lighter orheavier wire of the supporting screen, and

the manner of securing the fabric to the screen end within the filter.

Figure 4 shows a modification. Referring to Figure 1, the numeral 1()indicates a metallic container of any suitable type, but preferablycylindrical, having the inlet pipe 12 and the outlet pipe 14.

The filter is preferably positioned as shown in Figure 1, the oilarriving at the inlet at the top and leaving at the 'outlet 14positioned at the center of one of the filter ends 16 or 18.

Secured to the inside of the filter at a point 20 adjacent the inlet 12is a plate like member 24, which is spaced from the container 10 to forma space 26, which extends the entire length of the filter and is adaptedto receive the liquid to be filtered from the inlet 12. This space isfor the purpose of allowing the liquid to spread'the entire width of thefilter so that a-better filtering is secured.

Secured to the opposite end 26 of the plate 24 is a foraminoussupporting member 30, referably in the form of a wire mesh screen, ettershown in Figure 3. This wire mesh screen comprises the relatively heavygage Wires 32 and the lighter gage wires 34, the purpose of which willbe later described. The opposite end 36 of .the supporting screen 30 isfree and overlaps and is adapted to slide on the plate 24.

Secured to and supported on the screen 30 is a cloth or fabric 38, theentrance end 40 of which is slightly spaced from the container 10, as isseen in Figure 2. The purpose of this space will be later described. Thescreen 30 will have considerable resiliency and tend to'expand to forceitself against the container 10. Due to this expansion, the fabric 40 isfiatwise and rather tightly held against the inner periphery of thecontainer 10.

Y The ends 42 and 44 of the fabric 38 are preferably folded. as at 46and extended inwardly of the foramnous member or screen 30. Inside thescreen and over this folded portion there are applied the spring rings48 and 50, open at their ends as shown at v52. The purpose of theserings is to resiliently, securelyand removably hold the. ends of thefabric onto the screen 30.

By referring to Figure 3, it will be noted that the end 55 of the screen30 extends somewhat short of the end 18 of the container 10. Thisconstruction allows for a slight space between the container end andscreen end 55, which space is slightly less thanthe width .of the fabric38 so that when end of the container 10 is applied, the fabric 38 willbe pressed between the screen-end 55 and the container end 18. A similarconstruction is applied at the opposite end 16 of the container 10.

In applying the fabric 38, the nap portion is preferably placed adjacentthe inner periphery of the container 10. The purpose of this is toafford a greater surface and more obstruction for the impurities in theoil` to catch on.

By referring to Figure 1, it will be noted that the outiow pipe 14,which has been applied at the center of the end 16, is considerablyabove the bottom 56 of the filter. The space provides a settling chamberfor any impurities or foreign matter which have gotten past the`fabricv38. During the passage of the lubricant along the surface of the fabric38 there is the possibility that some impurity may travel to the end ofthe cloth, or between the cloth end eitherof the ,container end 16 or18. This impurity will reach the center of the filter and settle to thebottom instead of leaving the outflow pipe 14.

Referring to the modification of Figure 4 it will be seen that the plate24 may be eliminated and the screen 30 attached'directly to thecontainer 10 as by means of rivets 58. In this species the free end 36of the supporting screen 30 will have secured thereto an edo'e piece 60to permit the free end to readily sli e 48 and 50 in passing through thefilter. As'

the pressure increases the oil will be forced between the fabric 38 andthe inner periphery of the container 10, the space 40 allowing for theinitial entry of oil. This increased pressure will cause the screen 30to coil up due to the fact that itsend 36 is free and may roll up andslide over the surface of the plate 24. As the pressure increases,the'oil will be forced farther and farther along the surface o f thecloth until it reaches the end 52, from where it will flow through thesupporting screen 30 and drop to the inner portion of the filter. As theoil accumulates, the level will finally rise to the level of the outletpipe 14, from Where it will How and be between the bottom 56 and outlet14 l 'l sage through the filter.

vconducted to any suitable point by means of the outflow pipe 54. .1

l I claim:

1. In a filter, the container inletand outlet means in said container, afabric mounted in said container, means for causing the liq- 'pressureof the liquid to be filtered so as t0 cause said liquid to travellongitudinally over .substantially the entire surface of said fabricbetween the fabric and container in its pas- 3. In a filter, inlet andoutlet means therefor, a container, a fabric in .said container heldthereagainst, a support forsaid fabric,

said support adapted to yield in response to v the-pressure of theliquid to be filtered so as to cause said liquid to travel over thesurface of said fabric in its passage through the filter, said supportincluding a Wire mesh fabric having the Wires running yin one directionof a heavier gage. q i 4. In a filter, inlet and outlet means therefor,a container, a fabric in said container held thereagainst, a support forsaid fabric, said support adapted to yield in response to the pressureof the liquid to be filtered so as to cause said liquid to travel overthe surface of said fabric in its passage through"the filter, saidsupport includin a wire mesh fabric' having th'e wires runnln in'Y thedirection of' the flow of liquid to be ltered of a heavier gage.

v5. In. a filter, inlet and outlet means therefor, a container, a fabricin said container held thereagainst, a support for said fabric',

said support adaptedto yield in response to the pressure of the liquidto be filtered so as to cause said liquid to travel over the surface ofsaid fabricin itspassage'through the filter, and a metallic plate forsecuring said sup-l port to the container. v A v 6. In an oilfilter,.inlet and outlet means therefor, a foraminous member secured atone of its ends, its other end bein free, a plate like member forsecuring sai foraminous member to the'inside of said container, saidplate like member` spaced from said container to forma space at theliquid inlet and the free end ofsaid foraminous member slidablyoverlapping said plate, and a fabric mounted on saidy foraminous memberand resiliently held against said container, the liquid in itsftravelthrough the filter 0being forced to travel over the surface of thefabric throughout its length. I

.. 7. .The invention of claim 6, and a settling chamber below saidoutlet means.

8. The invention of claim 6, and a resilient. ,member for holding saidfabric on said foraminous member. I

9. In a filter, a-contamer, inlet and 'outlet means therefor, afilteringfabric 1n sald container, a foraminous member free at one endfor supporting said fabric against the interior Wall of said container,said member causing substantially all of the liquid to befiltered topass between the fabric and container. 1

10. In a filter, a container, inletand outlet means therefor, afilteringfabric in said container, andi a foraminous memberA rigidly mounted atone end to the container wall for supporting said fabric` against theinterior wall of the container., saidmember causing substantially allofthe liquid to be filtered \to pass between the fabric and container.

. 11. In a filter, a container, inlet and outlet' means therefor, afiltering fabric in said container, and a foraminous member rigidlymounted at the container Wall at one end and vfree at its other end forsupporting said fabric against 'the interior wall of the container, saidmember causing substantially all of the liqud to be filtered to passbetween the fabric and container.

l2. In a filter, a container, inlet and outletv means therefor, afiltering fabric in saidcontainer, and a foraminous member secured tosaid container for supporting said fabric resiliently against theinterfor wall of the container, said member causing substantially all ofthe liquid to be filtered -to pass between the fabric and container.

13.I In a filter, a cylindrical container, inlet and outletmeans-therefor, a filtering fabric in said conta'ner,a cylindricalforaminous member rigidly muntedin said container and supporting saidfabric over substantially itsentireextent against the interior wall ofsaid container.

14. In a filter, a container, inlet and outlet' means therefor, afiltering fabric in said container, a foraminous member rigidly mount-'ed in said container and supporting said fabric `over substantially itsentire extent against the interior wall of said container, and asettling chamberin said container below said outlet. *Y

15. In a filter, a container, an inlet, an outlet at the mid portion ofthe container, a filtering fabric in said container, and a, foraminousmember rigidly mounted at one end thereof at the inner "Wall of saidcontainer for supporting said fabric on one side only. l Y

A 16. In a filter, a container, an inlet and an outlet for saidcontainer, a filtering fabric,

anda foraminous member mounted in said and member extendingronly' at theface of said container.

17. In a filter, a container, an inlet at the inner suri side centerportion thereof, a filtering fabric 4in the filter, and a foraminousmembersupporting said fabric against the containers interior, saidsupport and container providing a space at the inlet extendinglongitudinally of the filter.

V 18. In a filter including a container, a foraminous supporting memberin said filter, a filtering medium over said member, said medium heldtightly against the ends and re- ,siliently against the sides of thefilter con- -tainer by said member, and means to secure said mediumthroughout substantially its y tainer. f

entire extent at the inner periphery7 of said container in resilientrelation, and an outlet for said container.

2l. In a filter, a container, inlet and outlet means for said container,a filtering fabric,`a foraminous member mounted in-said container andresiliently holding said fabric flatwise against the containersinterior,'said fabric and member being substantially coex-` tensive withthe inner surface of the con- 22. In a filter, inlet means to saidfilter, a filtering medium in said fi/lter, means for holding saidmedium flatwise against the fil- "ter, said fabric andrmember vbeingsubstantially vcoextensive with the inner surface of the lter, and anloutlet from said lter. 23. In a filter, a container, inlet and outletof the liquid to be filtered thereby causing substantially all of saidliquid yt'o travel over substantially the entire surface and to the send of said fabric in its passage through the filter, said fabric havingits nap arranged directly against the container.

26. In a filter, a container, inlet and outlet ymeans therefor, a fabricin said container held thereagainst throughout substantially 4its entireextent, a support for said fabric,

said'support yielding in response to the pressure of the liquid to befiltered thereby causing' substantially all of said liquid to traveloyer substantially the entire surface and to the end of said fabric inits passage through the filter, said fabric and container arranged toprovide a space therebetween at one of the fabric ends.

27. In a filter, a container, inlet and outlet means therefor, a fabricin said container held thereagainst throughout substantially its entireextent, a support for said fabric, said sup ort yielding in response to`the pressure of t e liquid tobe filteredthereby causing substantiallyall of said liquidto travel over substantially the entire surface on oneside of said fabric in its passage through the filter, said containerand support forminga lrecess or space at the inlet extending the lengthof the container to allow for the read infiow of the liquid to befiltered.

28. In a filter, a cylindrical reticulated supportingmember secured insaid filter, and a filtering medium secured to and .positioned on oneside only of said member 'and held therebyagainst the filter wallsthroughout substantially its entire length, the fluid to be filteredpassing lengthwise over said medium in passing through the filter. f

In testimony whereof I-affix mysignature. LLOYD BLACKMORE.

means therefor, a filteringfabric in said container, and a foraminousmember free at one end and positioned adjacent `the inner periphery ofthe container vand pressing said fabric over substantially its entireextent-outwardly 0f the container, said 'member causing the liquid to befiltered to pass between the fabric f and the container.

24. In a filter, a container,

tainer, a foraminous member rigidly mount- A inlet and outlet l meanstherefor, a filtering fabric in said con 12.0y

throughout substantially its entire extent against the interior of thecontainer, said member causing theliquid to be filtered to pass betweenthe fabric'and the container. 25.. In a filter, a container, inlet andoutlet v means therefor, a lfabric in said container held thereagainstthroughout substantially its entire extent, a support for said fabric,saidl support yielding in response to the pressurev ibol

